Membrane curvature during branch deformation is thought to be directly linked to the opening of mechanically gated ion channels present in the c1da neuron membrane ( He et al., 2019). The structural deformation of c1da terminal branches coincides with c1da Ca 2+ responses, an activation that could provide a possible propioceptive feedback to coordinate the peristaltic waves of muscle contractions ( Hughes et al., 2007 Song et al., 2007 Vaadia et al., 2019). In fact, c1da dendrites undergo sequential deformation in consecutive hemisegments by the contraction of the larva body wall during crawling ( Heckscher et al., 2012). Among these cell types, the function of class I (c1da) proprioceptors is thought to tightly depend on dendritic morphology. ![]() Extensive investigations in the emergence of dendritic morphology ( Jan and Jan, 2010 Gerhard et al., 2017 Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016 Enriquez et al., 2015 Corty et al., 2016 Ganguly et al., 2016 Nanda et al., 2018 Couton et al., 2015 Schlegel et al., 2017 Hu et al., 2020 Sheng et al., 2018) and on the specific impact of dendritic morphology on computation ( Dewell and Gabbiani, 2017 Single and Borst, 1998 Gabbiani et al., 2002 Cuntz et al., 2003 Allen et al., 2006 Kohl et al., 2013 Eichler et al., 2017 Frechter et al., 2019 He et al., 2019) make insects notably favourable to study mechanisms of development of dendrite form and function.Ī set of four distinct classes of dendritic arborisation sensory neurons of the Drosophila larva peripheral nervous system are of particular interest because of the marked differences in their morphology and function ( Grueber et al., 2002). ![]() To attain an integrative view of dendrite functional assembly we decided to analyse a genetically tractable animal model, such as Drosophila, with existing comprehensive research in the fields of dendrite development, structure and function. Unravelling these patterning processes is important to achieve a mechanistic understanding of the nervous system and to gather insights into neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders alike ( Copf, 2016 Real et al., 2018 Forrest et al., 2018). However, to date, these efforts have fallen short of clarifying the link between the developmental elaboration of dendrite structure and the structural constraints dictated by the computational tasks of the neuron ( Lefebvre et al., 2015). Also, dendrite structure has been successfully linked to connectivity and wiring requirements allowing the generation of highly realistic synthetic dendritic morphologies based on these principles alone ( Stepanyants et al., 2004 Wen and Chklovskii, 2008 Cuntz et al., 2010 Cuntz et al., 2007 Nanda et al., 2018). In the past, technological and conceptual advances have allowed exciting discoveries on how the coupling of class type-specific dendrite geometry with various ion channels provide the substrate for signal processing and integration in dendrites ( Mainen and Sejnowski, 1996 van Elburg and van Ooyen, 2010 Gabbiani et al., 2002 London and Häusser, 2005 Branco et al., 2010 Stuart and Spruston, 2015 Beaulieu-Laroche et al., 2018 Poirazi and Papoutsi, 2020). IntroductionĪ fundamental open question in neuroscience is understanding how the shape of specific neuron classes arises during cell development to perform distinct computations ( Carr et al., 2006). Our study shows how dendrite growth balances structure–function requirements, shedding new light on general principles of self-organisation in functionally specialised dendrites. We combined computer models and dendritic branch dynamics tracking to propose that distinct sequential phases of stochastic growth and retraction achieve efficient dendritic trees both in terms of wire and function. Here, to link dendrite shape with its proprioceptive role, we performed long-term, non-invasive, in vivo time-lapse imaging of c1vpda embryonic and larval morphogenesis to reveal a sequence of differentiation stages. Although the molecular machinery of dendritic patterning in c1vpda has been extensively studied, the process leading to the precise elaboration of their comb-like shapes remains elusive. ![]() Their dendritic branches run along the direction of contraction, possibly a functional requirement to maximise membrane curvature during crawling contractions. Class I ventral posterior dendritic arborisation (c1vpda) proprioceptive sensory neurons respond to contractions in the Drosophila larval body wall during crawling.
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